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Large Study of Effects

Page history last edited by PBworks 15 years, 10 months ago

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http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20080514.wclimate0514/BNStory/Science/home

 

Giant study pinpoints warming effects

 

DEBORAH ZABARENKO

Reuters

May 14, 2008 at 1:07 PM EDT

 

WASHINGTON — Human-generated climate change made flowers bloom sooner and autumn leaves fall later, turned some polar bears into cannibals and some birds into early breeders, a vast global study reported on Wednesday.

 

Hundreds of previous studies have noted these specific changes and most suggested a link to so-called anthropogenic global warming, but a new analysis published in the journal Nature correlated these earlier studies with changes in temperature, the study's lead author said.

 

There was a close relationship between temperature shifts between 1970 and 2004 and changes in plants, animals and the physical world, such as the retreat of glaciers and the water level in desert lakes, the study found.

 

"When you look at all of the glaciers and all of the snowpack and all of the birds laying eggs earlier and all of the plants having spring earlier across a continent, then we see we can detect anthropogenic signals," said Cynthia Rosenzweig of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies.

 

Image

A polar bear walks in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in 2003. A federal court in Oakland, Calif. has ordered Interior Secretary Dirk Kempthorne to decide whether to list polar bears as threatened because of global warming's effect on their habitat, the frozen Arctic Ocean. (Subhankar Banerjee/The Associated Press)

 

Related Articles

 

 

Recent

 

  • U.S. officials put polar bears on threatened species list
  • Polar research coming in from the cold

 

Internet Links

 

  • Nature reports on climate change
  • Columbia University's Earth Institute Project
  • Goddard Institute for Space Studies

 

They worked to rule out observed changes that could have been caused by factors other than anthropogenic (human-caused) climate change.

 

Building on research done to support findings reported in 2007 by the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Dr. Rosenzweig and her co-authors brought together nearly 30,000 sets of data about biological and physical changes around the world, and then matched that up with a detailed database of global temperature change.

 

Penguins, polar bears and pollen

 

"We overlay those two global datasets and then we do a spatial pattern analysis globally about the co-location of significant temperature trends and observed changes consistent with warming," Dr. Rosenzweig said in a telephone interview. "We see that those are strongly co-located."

 

The link between human-caused global warming – generated by industrial and vehicular emissions of carbon dioxide to produce a temperature-boosting greenhouse effect – and observed biological and physical changes is very strong, she said.

 

On a global scale, the correlation is more than 99 per cent between the two factors; on a continental scale, she said, the correlation if very likely between 90 and 99 per cent.

 

Going continent by continent, here are some observed changes in the natural world attributable to climate change, according to the study:

 

– NORTH AMERICA: Earlier plant flowering of 89 species from American holly to sassafras; intraspecific predation, cannibalism and declining population of polar bears; earlier breeding and arrival dates of birds including robins and Canada geese.

 

– EUROPE: Glacier melting in the Alps; changes in 19 countries of leaf-unfolding and flowering of such plants as hazel, lilac, apple, linden and birch; early pollen release in the Netherlands; long-term changes in fish communities in Upper Rhone River.

 

– ASIA: Greater growth of Siberian pines in Mongolia; earlier break-up and thinning of river and lake ice in Mongolia; change in depth of permafrost in Russia; earlier flowering of gingko in Japan.

 

– SOUTH AMERICA: Glacier wastage in Peru; melting Patagonia ice fields contributing to sea-level rise.

 

– AFRICA: Decreasing aquatic ecosystem productivity of Lake Tanganyika.

 

– AUSTRALIA: Early arrival of migratory birds, including flycatchers and fantails; declining water levels in Western Victoria.

 

– ANTARCTICA: 50-per-cent decline in population of emperor penguins on Antarctic Peninsula; retreating glaciers.

 

John GW

 

posted to ClimateConcern

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